Symptoms of a yeast infection include red, itchy skin, discolouration, and a sweet, musty odour. This condition can cause redness, swelling, itchiness and irritation in the affected areas of your dog's skin. Tapeworms, hookworms, roundworms, and whipworms all take up residence in your dog’s gut. When there is an abnormal overproduction of the yeast that is normally found on your dog's skin, your pup can get a yeast infection in their ears or on their skin. Scaly skin. Here are the common signs that may indicate your dog is suffering from this. How to Use Povidone Iodine for Skin Infection in Dogs. 5”x2. Yeast infection on dog paws is very easy to diagnose, the diagnosis is based on the complete and detailed history, inspection of the infected area, and the presence of a cheesy odor which is the main characteristic of the yeast infection. When a yeast infection occurs on your dog’s paws, it is typically between the paw padding where thin skin is. Do this for 5-10 minutes a couple of times a day. " Adds Dr. Yeast infections, often a result of food allergies, can lead to cracked footpads. Claws: Claws are used for digging, provide. Yeast infections are common in canines and are caused by an overgrowth of candida on their skin folds, feet, and genitals. Flush the area with water to remove any dirt or debris. You may observe your dog frequently licking or biting at their paws. These healthy gut microbes balance the internal environment to prevent disease and promote health. In addition to these dog paw pad problems, your dog’s paws can get cracked or subjected to other problems including, Nasodigital Hyperkaratosis, Pemphigus, and Zinc Deficiency. How to Use Hydrocortisone on Dogs. This condition can make the affected area of your dog's skin itchy, red, and irritated. How Vets Diagnose Yeast Infections . Just dab the. Stress. 3. Pain. Gastrointestinal microorganisms perform tasks like: Helping. If your dog has folliculitis, you should apply medication to their skin to get rid of the infection. Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that live in the digestive tract. Details. Four Paws Healthy Promise Paw Guard Dog Paw Protection Paw Guard, 1. 05/Count) $25. Do this by gently spreading the paw and carefully checking between each toe and paw pads. Applying a topical ointment or cream to the affected area. Safe ingredients. Yeast Infection. Dog paws can become red in two places: the paw pads and between the dog's toes. A 1:10 vinegar dilution with distilled white vinegar and water can be used on wipes or cotton pads to kill yeast infections in the skin. Massage an antifungal dog shampoo into the skin for 10 minutes before rinsing well. They can also be secondary infections due to allergies, and they are the most common cause of infection. The cream should only be used on mild wounds and abrasions with closed skin (or a scab). You Might Like: English Bulldog Paw infections are characterized by stinky, swollen paws, redness, discharges, irritations, abscesses among others. These wipes are going to help soothe the. A yeast infection can make the affected area of your dog’s skin red, itchy, and irritated. Yeast infections, often a result of food allergies, can lead to cracked footpads. Thoroughly rinse the entire area that was soaked and dry completely. The underside of the paws, between the pads, is affected most often, but yeast can occur anywhere on the paws. 6. Yeast frequently causes infections in the paw pads. Overview. A dog with yeast infections on their paws can have red, irritated, and itchy paws. Hydrogen Peroxide. The symptoms of yeast dermatitis are similar to those of many skin diseases, and include: Redness. Besides redness, a dog suffering from a yeast infection can also develop a gray or brown discoloration on its. It is especially common to see this in skin folds, ears, between their paw pads, or in other hot, humid areas of the body. The discomfort can range from mild to terrible. Fatty adipose tissue provides the cushion in your dog’s squishy toe beans. For my dog's thinner skin, I use the 1/2 strength* recipe vs. Dog yeast infections are generally caused by immune system deficiencies, allergies and oily skin. Extra cleanings may be part of your dog’s regimen if they have an ear infection. Yeast infections take ages to clear in my pup, the only thing we can do to stop the licking is keep him in the cone for 2-3 weeks. How to spot and treat yeast infections in dogs. Pododermatitis most commonly occurs between a dog’s toes. Why are my dogs paws red and hot? Some dogs get red paw pads because of an injury, and some dogs get red paws because of. For example, yeast infections are a common health issue for dogs. Bacterial or yeast infections: When dogs' paws touch contaminated surfaces like dirty water, mud, or damp areas, they risk developing skin infections. like canine. 1. Add probiotics and maybe digestive enzymes to the diet. To treat a yeast infection in a dog’s paws, use medicated dog shampoos and dog wipes that are combined with an antifungal to help control yeast on the skin. We got douxo mousse lately and it seemed to help but took a while to take effect. Fatty adipose tissue provides the cushion in your dog’s squishy toe beans. The most common clinical signs of yeast dermatitis are itching and redness, a musty odor, and possibly a greasy film over the areas of redness. Ans. Yeast flourishes in hot, moist spots and tends to build up in areas of a dog’s body that are greasy and oily. Your pup uses its feet every day to move around, and its paw pads have clever and unique functions like regulating body temperature and sensing the type of terrain they are on. What does a yeast infection on a dog’s paw look like? If a yeast infection is present in the paws (one of the most common areas), the paws will become red and itchy, and there may even be a brown discharge present in the nail beds Dogs with a yeast infection in their paws may lick their paws more than normal, and hair loss may occur. Yeast skin infections (Malassezia) are another form of fungal infection. Regularly inspecting your dog’s paw pads can help with this, while also ensuring that your dog becomes accustomed to. One or more feet may be affected. Inflammation in the surrounding areas. Skin irritation. Discharge (pus) A foul smell. The paw (s) may be inflamed only, or inflamed and infected with any combination of microbes. There are estimated to be around 148,000 species of fungi living on the earth. Interdigital follicular cysts appear as a small swelling or cyst found where the toes meet on the top of the foot or in between the toes (digits). Reply. My dog has bright pink paws. Be sure to wash your hands after touching your dog’s paws to avoid spreading the infection to yourself or other pets. It is antifungal, antiviral, and antibacterial. Yeast Infection Home Remedy. Dealing with a yeast infection in your dog’s paws. Effective tips for treating dog yeast infections. Hammer. Bacterial and fungal infections are a common cause of paw problems in dogs because many of them live on dogs' paw pads. This results in tiny abrasions, particularly in the ears and paw pads, that are the ideal environment for yeast growth, being warm. Arthritis. Benefits: Provides relief for infected, swollen, itchy, or irritated skin in both cats and dogs. What does a yeast infection on a dog’s paw look like? If a yeast infection is present in the paws (one of the most common areas), the paws will become red and itchy, and there may even be a brown discharge present in the nail beds. Yeast. These conditions encourage yeast to reproduce at increased rates until it becomes an overwhelming issue. Since the paws are very itchy, dogs will lick at them in an attempt to relieve the itch, causing fur loss in the area of the infection, as well as brown. Some owners elect to use a diluted apple cider vinegar spray, though this shouldn't be applied to broken skin or wounds. For my dog's thinner skin, I use the 1/2 strength* recipe vs. Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help to create a healthy balance of. The symptoms of an infected dog paw are usually quite evident and similar regardless of the underlying cause. In cocker spaniels and other dogs prone to yeast, shaving the pads really tight can easily result in a yeast infection being able to take root in the pads. Yeast Infection. Likewise, the infected paw pad may have a reddish appearance with a swelling. You can apply hydrocortisone cream to the affected area once or twice a day. Loss of hearing: Serious cases of dog yeast development could block the ear’s pathways and lead to deafness. 2. Exercise your dog. Dogs can even get red paws as a result of boredom and canine anxiety. It should end up looking a bit like iced tea in color. "This can generate a yeast infection called malassezia. Wipe carefully between the paw pads with this mixture 1-2 times daily, and you may be able to resolve yeast infections at home. You only need to use peroxide once. Dogs that are arthritic sometimes lick the sore joint, almost in an effort to soothe it. Yeast dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition that occurs fairly regularly in dogs, especially in skin folds, ears, between paw pads or in other hot, humid areas of their body. Dunking your dog’s paws in a disinfectant solution is also a good way to treat yeast infections between paw pads. Demodicosis, caused by Demodex mites, might trigger localized redness, swelling, and sometimes even infections in your dog’s paw pads. When moisture gathers on your dog’s body (from trapped heat), it can feed into the. $2809 ($14. Dr. Heat up water to about 100F and add around 1 - 2 teaspoonfuls of apple cider vinegar to 1 cup water. Yeast is a spore-producing fungus that occurs naturally on the skin but is usually present in small numbers. Clean the groin and armpits. Symptoms of a yeast infection include red, itchy skin, discolouration, and a sweet, musty odour. Yeast infections can also be called "Malassezia dermatitis, or Yeast Dermatitis" and it usually occurs in a dog's ears, between their paw pads, or in their skin folds. Yeast infections on a dog’s paw can make them appear red and sore but it can be hard to see. He another one so back to the vet again tomorrow. As the water is running, add Epsom salts following a ratio of about one tablespoon for every four cups of water. Hot spots. 2. Lindsay Butzer, DVM and PetMeds partner, "Dogs' paw pads are made of a thick layer of keratin or skin to protect their feet, and as they age. The use of garlic, vinegar, tea tree oil, yogurt, and vinegar may all help to combat the symptoms of a yeast infection. $1899 ($2. Limping, favoring one leg. Kid sitting on the floor with pet. 2941 out of 5 stars. Thickening of the skin. Simply mix a cup of hydrogen peroxide and 1 cup of white vinegar in a gallon of water. Hydrogen peroxide, on the other hand, should not be used to treat dog ear yeast infections. Foul smell – yeast has a very strong unpleasant smell. Infections caused by yeast or bacteria can create evident abnormalities on your dog’s infected paw. If you have ever had an ingrown toenail, you know this is very painful. Affected animals usually lick and chew excessively and can become lame in severe cases. Simply mix a cup of hydrogen peroxide and 1 cup of white vinegar in a gallon of water. Inflamed or damaged paw pads. Look for any indication of injury, irritation, foreign objects, or any. Your dog may also begin to shake their head or scratch around the ear area. Yeast infection will make your dog’s paw pads look inflamed. Convenient, sting-free, premoistened wipes are ideal between baths or anytime. Sometimes a brown discharge can be seen in the nail beds. Licking excessively is a tell-tale sign of a yeast infection, Levitzke says, along with red nail beds, a reaction to salivary enzymes. Yeast infections are easily spotted as a rust-colored stain on a light-haired dog, but can also produce symptoms like scaly skin, greasy fur, or a distinctive odor, commonly known as "Frito paws" among dog owners. If the dog is not showing any other signs like limping, it could be something smaller like a pebble or dried grass that is stuck in between the toes. Malassezia is one of the most frequently seen skin infections, especially in ears, skin folds, and paw pads. Dogs with skin folds, excessive hair between toes, and underlying health conditions or autoimmune disorders may be susceptible. Yeast infections can also be called "Malassezia dermatitis" and it usually occurs in a dog's ears, between their paw pads, or in their skin folds. It usually targets the paw pads, nails, nail folds, and interdigital space or the skin area between the toes and the paw pads. This is why a raw diet is best for dogs with yeast infections. Help! My Boxer Has Allergies. Thus, the paws should be disinfected often, especially during the hot and humid season when yeast is more prevalent. This skin problem commonly occurs in the following dog. This is because when dogs are bored or anxious,. An abscess, or localized infection of the skin, between the toes is also called an interdigital furuncle. They may also take samples from affected areas for further microscopic analysis. If your dog has a skin condition that makes their paws itchy , they might lick at them, which can cause the dog's pads to. For some dogs, yeast problems are seasonal, and when the temperature and humidity are hi gh, problems with yeast can. Rough surfaces, hot pavement, or even ice and snow can cause your dog’s paw pads to become inflamed, cracked, or damaged. Check the bandage daily and change it immediately if the bandage is damaged. Other commonly recommended treatments include soaking the foot in warm water (with or without an antibiotic solution added to the bath) and applying antibiotic ointment. Infections caused by yeast or bacteria can create evident abnormalities on your dog’s infected paw. The black fur on this dog’s paw below is due to salivary staining, from chewing and biting – due to Malassezia, the culprit of many yeast infections. Yeast infections commonly cause these issues and tend to develop on the paws, in the ears, armpits, skin folds, and your dog's hind end. If the fur between your dog’s paws looks reddish-brown, this may be a sign of a yeast infection. Demodectic mange, caused by Demodex canis mites, can lead to pododermatitis in dogs. Carefully clean and dry the paws before applying a small amount of Monistat in between the toes. In these cases, it is still a good idea to call your vet for advice and further information. Paw-fect for treating hard-to-reach. Yeast infection in paws. The most affected is the skin between the toes and other skin folds. Fill a basin with warm water and add a few drops of iodine. Cysts and growths. Rated 4. 1. Experienced dog groomers will also clean up your pup’s paws, which will help in more ways than one. Ruth Lacey, DVM. Linda Stubbs September 12, 2021 at 11:39 pm. Applying coconut oil to your dog’s paw pads can help alleviate the symptoms of a yeast infection and provide much-needed relief. Due to the lack of air circulation and the crevices of warmth and moisture in your puppy’s paws, the area is a prime breeding ground for microbial growth. Taking your dog for a walk in the sun to help dry out the infection. Demodicosis can be easily ruled out by having a deep skin. Fungal exposure. Owners should dilute oregano oil with olive oil and place the mixture in a capsule. The total cost at the veterinarian will likely range from $100-$300. FREE delivery Mon, Aug 7 on $25 of items shipped by Amazon. Owners should dilute oregano oil with olive oil and place the mixture in a capsule. 1. Soak dog's paw for 30 seconds in solution. Treatment with medicated shampoos is a vital part of treating yeast dermatitis. However, when dogs develop paw issues like a dog paw yeast infections, they experience discomfort and sometimes pain when walking around. However, there is not a lot of scientific research to back up these claims. “When your dog’s paws have a bacteria called Pseudomonas and Proteus, they can give off a yeasty odor that smells. Yeast infections are more common in dogs with allergies or other skin conditions. Dog Paw Pad Yeast Infection: Causes,. Interdigital follicular cysts. Samples are usually taken on a cotton swab or by pressing some tape or a microscope slide onto the affected skin. Veterinarians may recommend using a bottle of medicated ear cleaner and a wipe. Only apply enough of the cream to thoroughly cover the infected area. They’re known to cause itchiness, a musty odor, and a discharge from the skin. Dark spots on skin. Yeast infections are common in canines and are caused by an overgrowth of candida on their skin folds, feet, and genitals. Douxo was our go-to too. Your dog may be excessively licking their skin or have hair loss around the infected area. Other affected areas include the face, ears, limbs, flanks, and belly. Identifying the symptoms of a paw yeast infection is crucial for timely and effective treatment. Just dab the solution on your dog’s paws with a cotton ball about once per day until the infection disappears. , yeast). Bacterial and fungal infections are a common cause of paw problems in dogs because many of them live on dogs' paw pads. Cold weather. My 5 year old male is constantly getting ingrown hairs between his toes on his front paws, my vets says this is common on bull dogs. Experienced dog groomers will also clean up your pup’s paws, which will help in more ways than one. Applying a topical ointment or cream to the affected area. Your pup’s paws may be itchy and uncomfortable if they have a yeast infection. Yeast organisms (fungi) are normally found on your dog’s paws, but an underlying condition can cause them to multiply and cause problems. The convenient screw-on lid container comes in three sizes and the product has an indefinite shelf life. A dog with a yeast infection in their ear often has a brownish, waxy, smelly, ear discharge. 2. Dogs’ paw pads can also become burnt by walking on hot pavements. These painful, pus-filled blisters often occur in the webbing between a dog’s toes. . Great for a dog yeast infection, Fungus, Bacteria, Mange, Ringworm, Hotspots & Pyoderma. The small spaces combined with heat and humidity encourage yeast to reproduce until it becomes a problem. It's also extremely itchy! To address the problem you need to do four things: Wash the paws daily with an anti-fungal shampoo. Dog's skin is populated by bacteria, yeast, and fungi that can cause strange. This skin problem commonly occurs in the following. Hammer. These mites usually inhabit the hair follicles but can proliferate excessively in some dogs. Yeast organisms (fungi) are normally found on your dog’s paws, but an underlying condition can cause them to multiply and cause problems. biting and chewing at the foot, or bleeding. Dogs can even get red paws as a result of boredom and canine anxiety. Bacterial and Fungal Infections. Bacterial Infections. Our golden is suffering from either an allergy or yeast infection. As an easier alternative, they may suggest getting TrizChlor 4 Wipes for Dogs and Cats, which contain infection-fighting chlorhexidine. What causes a dog paw infection? You can help your pup avoid paw discomfort if you know what to look for As much as we’d like to give you an easy answer,. It is important to note that redness alone is not a definitive diagnosis but a symptom indicating an underlying issue. Idiopathic Nasodigital Hyperkeratosis. There may be nodules (bumps) or fungal lesions (kerions), ulcers, or discharge (pus) from the lesions. They thankfully aren’t life-threatening for humans or our animal friends, but they cause significant irritation and can even indicate other health problems. Regular Cleaning. Yeast infections are annoying. The infection is caused by an overgrowth of yeast on the. Paw Yeast Infection. Allergies. Dog paw yeast infections can be uncomfortable and irritating for your pet, but with proper knowledge and treatment, you can help alleviate their symptoms and prevent future occurrences. Dry each paw pad and between your dog’s toes. Itchiness. 1. 200+ bought in past month. Pink paw pads would raise the alarm, causing concerned inquiries as to what caused the change in paw color. Dogs sweat from their feet, so the paws contain a moist wet environment that yeast loves. It might not be as problematic as a yeast infection, but, like the fungi that cause smelly feet in humans, one source of foot odor in dogs. Dogs with a yeast. the full strength: Full Strength – add 3 oz bleach. Hydrogen peroxide, on the other hand, should not be used to treat dog ear yeast infections. Trimming. My 5 year old male is constantly getting ingrown hairs between his toes on his front paws, my vets says this is common on bull dogs. Treatment with medicated. g. Whilst it can often be. See another example picture for a dog paw infection or more more about common skin infections in dogs. Kids play with puppy and kitten. Because the keratin will keep growing and growing over your dog. 3. Yet any open wound or injury on the pad can provide an avenue for bacteria, resulting in infection; This can also ooccur if the pads are continually wet due to excessive licking. If you are worried that your dog has a yeast infection there are commercial solutions available. Yeast Infection. Pododermatitis is a common condition in dogs that constantly lick or chew their paws. Cut away the hair on the pad and in between the toes to. Check the bandage daily and change it immediately if the bandage is damaged. Fungal infections may cause blackened areas on the dog’s paw pads, especially if the infection is left untreated. A nutritional zinc deficiency may lead to cracked paw pads, and can be treated with a zinc/selenium. Fill a basin with warm water and add a few drops of iodine. Autoship. When melanin production slows or stops, the skin lightens uniformly or in patches. Sometimes there can be brown discharge around the base of your dog’s nails too. For example, a 50 pound dog should receive 50mg of benadryl. The iodine will help to reduce the swelling. The next one in this list of home remedies for yeast infection in dogs ’ ears, paws and feet is using apple cider vinegar. Some of these items are yogurt, probiotics, fermented vegetables, and coconut oil. Dogs may despise the taste and smell of oregano oil, but it will help fight yeast issues. So, any previous trauma to the infected paw should be taken into consideration. Additional treatment for secondary fungal infections may be required. Taking your dog for a walk in the sun to help dry out the infection. What is Yeast Infection Pododermatitis? Pododermatitis simply means inflammation of the foot, often characterized by redness,. If it's a problem with her paws, she won't be able to leave them alone. or bacterial or fungal infections like a canine yeast infection, or you know they have received some kind of injury or. English Bulldog Paw Infection Signs,. health conditions. Give goldenseal once or twice daily in these amounts: Dried powder: use 1 teaspoon per. Redness: The skin between the toes and paw pads may appear red and irritated. Affected paws may be affected with pruritus, erythema, edema with or without nodules, paronychia, alopecia, ulceration, paw pad involvement, comedones, swelling, and draining exudates. How to Use Hydrocortisone on Dogs. Topical treatment. Commonly seen symptoms are itchiness, hair loss, and generalized discomfort. Dog Yeast Infection Home Remedy. If there is a simple crack or cut, apply a paw balm once or twice daily to keep the paw clean and prevent further infection. Extra cleanings may be part of your dog’s regimen if they have an ear infection. Yeast infections in between the paw pads or nail beds can result in: Licking and Chewing: Dogs may excessively lick, chew, or bite at their paws. Curing a yeast infection in a dog’s paws usually starts at home with the local application of products that have antifungal properties, contain hydrocortisone like Zymox Pet Spray with Hydrocortisone, and that can soothe the itchy and inflamed area like this Hot Spot Treatment. Tip #1: Use grooming scissors to trim the fur between your dog's paw pads. Image credit: Dog yeast infection home remedy can help to reduce the symptoms of yeast infections in dogs. If this occurs on your dog's feet, it is a problem. Massage it into each pad carefully, being mindful of any open wounds or soreness. Some symptoms of a yeast infection on a dog's feet may include itching, redness, swelling, foul odor,. Depending on the severity, these infections can be treated. It’s important to note that a foot soak like this works best on mild infections. Deep infections. Check your dog’s paw pads, in between their toes, and along their legs for anything which might be causing irritation. Licking itchy paws can cause a secondary bacterial infection which makes skin. Itching is the basic sign that appears as a result of yeast infection. In dogs with infections, they will need to be treated with systemic antibiotics and anti-fungal medications. The cream packaging will likely include instructions for applying the cream to your dog’s skin—follow these instructions closely. Hair loss. Repeat 3-5 times a week until the infection is cleared up. The veterinarian may run a test to. Includes antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-yeast agents chlorhexidine and ketoconazole. Covering paws with a boot or bandage for long periods causes the pads to sweat - if too much moisture builds up in a boot or bandage, it will lead to sores or fungal infections (e. Ringworm and yeast infections are the most common types of fungal infections which affect a dog's paws. Fungal Yeast Causes of Dog Paw Infections Dog paw infections occur when the paws’ protective padding is damaged, allowing microorganisms to enter the paw and multiply. There are many conditions that affect dog paws. Bacterial organisms are a normal part of your dog’s paw flora. 5. “When your dog’s paws have a bacteria called Pseudomonas and Proteus, they can. Most dogs lick their paws, but when licking becomes excessive, problems can arise. The feet and paws are often red (inflamed) and swollen. Peeling away of the paw pad is often the most visible injury, in which the thick outer covering is peeled away due running or skidding on hard or rough areas, and the tender inner part becomes exposed. A dog paw yeast infection is a common issue that can signify an underlying condition. Deep infections. If you notice that your dog has inflamed skin and red paws, a yeast infection may be the culprit. The most common reason for a dog’s paws being red is a yeast infection. Your veterinarian may treat the yeast infection with. 83 Chewy Price. Besides redness, a dog suffering from a yeast infection can also develop a gray or brown discoloration on its. Apply a prescription lotion, cream, spray, or wipe on the infected area daily. Yeast likes damp dark moist areas such as the armpits, genitals, in between paw pads, and groin. Dog Paw Pad Yeast Infection: Causes,. . The dogs are also on one fish oil daily (which is anti-inflammatory) and daily benadryl (adjusted to dogs weight). If the affected area is in the paws, consider soaking your pet’s feet in warm water with Epsom salt for 15 minutes. Here are a few ways in. Paw Pad Yeast Infection 101. Some dogs may benefit from antibiotic wraps and bandaging. When you’re checking, be sure to check for these symptoms of paw infections: General swelling across the paw or on one of the toes. Dogs may despise the taste and smell of oregano oil, but it will help fight yeast issues. When moisture gathers on your dog’s body (from trapped heat), it can feed into the proliferation or. Dogs sometimes get yeast infections on their paws. Associated with yeast infection in dogs is loss of hair, which usually follows the itchiness in the affected area. Normally all dog paws smell a bit. They’re generally secondary to allergies or other conditions that disrupt the skin’s ability to control the yeast that. They may have patches of fur loss on their feet, and sometimes they can have a smelly discharge between the pads or around their nail beds. If there is a simple crack or cut, apply a paw balm once or twice daily to keep the paw clean and prevent further infection. Take one paw in your hand and rub a little bit of coconut oil onto the pads, roughly a quarter of a teaspoon. In many Shih Tzu dogs, are the cause of their dog paw pad problems and the constant scratching and biting result in secondary infections. Wipe carefully between the paw pads with this mixture 1-2 times daily, and you may be able to resolve yeast infections at home. Misfeeding/Overfeeding. A pet suffering from a yeast infection in the paws may lick the paws excessively (due to itching) and may have swollen, red nail beds from excessive licking. These products provide relief from itchiness or irritation while containing ingredients that address the yeast organisms. Related: Malassezia in Dogs Ears. Yeast Infections. The reason your dog’s feet smell like corn chips comes down to bacteria. Other symptoms include itching, redness and discharge.